Calculating-machine.



PATETEE Jglf 3, 1905,

A. E. KENYON. GALCULATING MACHINE.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H1131) STATES' ARTHUR E. KENYON, OF BARRE.. MASSACHUSETTS.

CALCULATlNG-NIAOHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 3, 1906.

Application tiled llevem'ber 11, 190B. Serial No. 1B0|B6U.

l is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of onionlating-machines in which the results are obtained u on a series of figure Wheels or dials operate by ke s. While the same is adapted to various c asses of arithmetical compile tation, it is designed more especiaily for commercial accounting. i

M object is to provide a small com act mac e of the class above stated of suoli dimensions that it can be conveniently placed uponan account-book for checking items, Y

footing accounts, &c., and to reduce the lteys to a number easily operated by one hand without changi the position thereof, so that. any key can e accurately and instantly located 4Without detracting the operators attention from the accounts o1' notes. By this arran ement a machine is rovided which will a d columns or scattere items with de-V s etch.Y The mechanism may be and preferallly is also arranged so that addition or suhtraction can be erformed with precisely the same reading o the keys andv exactly the same movement of the hand, so that the cperator does not have to distinguishhetwee; the operation of adding or the operation of subtracting, thereby avoidingrerrors arising from force of habit. B i hereinafter Llesl-,l'ibed a t oroughly universal calculating or accounting machine 1sVY *prof-V Yhey hasprojections gwhic vided. Y .si

The mechanism is illustrated in the accom: panying' three sheets of drawings, referring to which- 'l Y,

Figure 1 is a plan view of the mechanism with the cover-plate removed. Fig. 2 is a. cross-sectional view taken just inside the right-hand end of the freine.Y d Fg'JS-is e. plan; Fig. 4 is e. side view, and 5 is end view, of one of the operating-keys. i i iig.' 5 is a diagrain ilinstrat the actien of .tieiieyslV Fig. 7 isa sectional csv-ation, and Figr is an end elevation, of the mechanism used in connec tion with the registering-dials. Fig. 9 is a front detail view, and Fig. 1G isY a side view, of the mechanism which sets the machine to either add or subtract. Fig. 11 is a view illustrating the stop used on the cam-shaft.

.-onthe same is a cylinder or shell 1),

the arrangtllsimilj Fig. 12 is a detail view illustrating the returning-spring for the cam-shaft. Fig. 13 is a detail view illustrating the ewl releasing or setting mechanism, and Figs. 14 and 15 are detail views ofthe parts making up the pawlreleasing mechanism. Figl is a fragmentary view illustrating the parte making up one of the dials. Fig. 17 is a vievv` illustrating the clutch connection on the dial-shaft. Fig. 18 is a View illustrating one of the ratchet-arms connected to the dials, and Figs. 19, 20, and 21 are detail views illustrating a modification hereinafter referred to. Fig. 22 is a detailed erspective view showing the devices or shi ting the dial-clutches.

They operation of the mechanism can best be understood b rst descriling the various mechanisms in etail. l

designates the casin which is made out of metal with tie' proper hearings or hubs. Journaled in the ramm is a ke shaft B, `e. sain-shaft C, and a dial-shaft The various mechanisms are principally errenged upon these three shafts.

Referring now to the construction ofthe key-shaft, it Will be seen that arranged loosely which has rojectionsll Fitting on this shell are the nbs 12 of the operating-ke s. These hubs are slotted so that each en age a proiection 11 of theshell 10, and, if desired, a screw 13 can be inserted in each Vhub toV rovidefor adjustment and tomake' the hu a strong structure. The norxnai arrangement 'of the parts is that shown in 4. The hub 120i each key is 'cut away; as at 14. A Vkey 15 is insertedA in the ke -shaft B. This when the parte are assembled project into the slots 14 in the hubs of thekeys. The arts can be assemble'd by first putting theV ey into the-shaft B, so that theprsjections 16 will come into the slolzjsV ifg'thesleys and by then inserting shell 10. Progreetn-g from each key-hub is a key-arm 1?.

Arranged on each key-arm 17 is an engaging slotted anged ring 18. These rings are set toV different positions on' the respective arms-'that is to say, as there are nine keys in the structure under consideration thereV Wiil be nine die'rent positions of these slotted. rings on the nine keys relatively to the proiections 16, as indicat'ediin Fig. 6. The position of the ring 18 on key No. 8 is indicated in Fig. 4. By this arrangement a different IOO relative movement is imparted to the shaft B from each key. These rings 18 are set on the key-arm 17 so that the movement imparted to the shaft by key No. 9 will be nine times that imparted thereto by key No. 1, although the downward movement of each key as a whole is the same. The intermediate keys between one and nine have the rings properly set to get the desired ratio. The end of each key-arm 17 is bifurcated, and fitting in the same is the projecting shank 19 of the finger-piece 20, a pin 21 keeping the parts in position. The shank 19 is provided with a stop 22 to engage a stop 23 on the end of the key-arm 17 to limit the movement of the linger-piece in one direction upon the pin 21. Springs 24 are arranged in the framing to engage ears 240 on finger-pieces, as shown in Fig. 2, so as to keep the keys normally elevated. Each key-arm works in a slot 25 cut in the framing, the bottom of the slot limiting the downward movement of the keys. A zero-key has arms fitting between the sixth and seventh and the seventh and eighth keys, as shown. These arms simply engage the shell 10 and have no lmechanism to engage or operate the shaft B.

By the above-described arrangement it will be seen that when any key is depressed and brought to the bottom of its slot a movement will be imparted to the shell 10 which is the same for all keys; but a movement will only be imparted to the shaft B measured by the adjusted position of the ring 18 on the particular key-arm, so that the movement lmparted to the shaft B will be a measured movement, determined by the value of the key. The shell 10 is arranged to operate or set the cam-shaft C, as hereinafter described, and the shaft B is arranged to operate the dial-shaft D, as hereinafter described. The construction of the cam-shaft C and the operatin connections to the same from the shell 10 wilnow be described.

Arranged tightly on the cani-shaft C are a seriesof nine face-cams 26, each of which has a notch in its side. The cams are set on the shaft C so that these notches come in radial progression by tenths, or one more than the number of the cam on the shaft. A pin 27 projects from the shaft C and is arranged to strike a projection 28 in the bottom of the framing to define the normal position of the cam-shaft, as shown in Fig. l1. A spiral or clock spring 29 is housed in a shell and is connected to said shaft C and to a stationary part, so as to tend normally to return the shaft C to the position shown in Fig. 11. This spring is shown in detail in Fig. l2. The right-hand cam 26 is additionally used to form an operating ratchet-wheel 30 with ten teeth. On the right-hand end of the shell 1() isarranged a hub with a projecting arm 31. A spring or laterally-acting paw] 32 is arranged on this arm in position to engage the ratchet-wheel 30. A spring or laterally-acting holding-dog 33 is arranged to hold the ratchet-wheel in its set position. By the connection thus described, and as the shell 10 is given the same movement for the operation of any key, it will be seen that the ratchet-wheel 30, and therefore the calnshaft C, is given the same movement for each key depressed. The ratchet-wheel 30 is provided with tcn teeth, and the parts are so arranged that every time a key is struck the ratchet-wheel will be turned one-tenth of a revolution. The zero-key imparts the same movement to the ratchet-wheel 30 as the other keys. By this cam-sh aft and the mechanisms hereinafter described operative connection is made to the proper dial-wheel.

A releasing mechanism is necessary to allow the cam-shaft to return to normal position after a given number has been set up on the keys. This releasing mechanism is arranged as follows: A release or set key 34 has arms projecting through the casing, one of which is merely a guide-arm and the other an operating-arm, as shown in Fig. 13, suitable springs being arranged to keep the key normally elevated. The operating-arm 35 of said key connects to an arm 36, pivoted on a small shaft tted in a bracket 37 arranged in the framing. An arm 38 also projects from said shaftand connects to an arm 39, arranged on a ratchetdetacher 40. This ratchet-detacher 40 is made from a steel stamping ori inally cut out, as shown in Fig. 14, and thenilient, as shown in Fig. 15. The end of the same thus forms a disk 41, Which has a hole through which the cam-shaft C projects. The disk is housed Within the ratchet-wheel 30.

When the release-key is depressed, the disk 41 will be moved to the right and Will throw the pawl 32 and the holding-dog 33 out of engagement with the ratchet-Wheel 30 and will allow the spring 29 to return the cam-shaft C to the normal position shown in Fig. 11. B this arrangement as each key is operate starting from normal position, the cam-shaft will be given a tenth revolution, and when the release 0r set key is operated the camshaft will be allowed to spring back to normal position.

The construction of the dial-shaft D and its operating connections to the ke -shaft B and the cam-shaft C will nowbe escribed. Secured on the right-hand end of the ke shaft B is an arm 42, which is pulled to tlzie right, as shown in Fig. 2, by a spring 43. EX- tending from this arm is a rack 44, which engages a clutch wheel or gear 45, arranged on the shaft D. The movement of this rack, and therefore the movement imparted to the gear, is a movement measured by the character of the key by reason of' the construction of the keys before described. On the other end of the key-shaft B is arranged an arm 46,

IOO

achtet' (see Fig. 1,) Which-is pulled to the right, as Fig. 2 stands, bly! the spring 43. A rack 48 is connected to t 's arm and engages a clutchM gear 49, also secured on the s a t B. Suitable guiding means are provided to keep the rack 44 and gear 45 and rack 48 and gear 49 in proper engagement. It will be not1ced that the rack 44 engages the tog' of the gear 45 and that the rack 48 engages t e under side of the gear 49. the respective gears 45 and 49 by t e operation of a key Wlll he in relatively opposite directions.

Whenit is desired to use the machine to add, the rack 44 and gear 45 are used as the operative members, and when it is desired to use the -machine for subtraction the rack 48 and gear 49 are employed. A setting Inachanism is provided, so that the machine can be used for either operation. In this setting mechanism 50 and 51 designate two Shifters arranged on a rod 52, which can slide in the framing. The shifter 50 constitutes a Projecting arm which enga es a roove cut in a clutch 53, keyed to the s aft The clutchgear 45 is loosely arranged on said shaft D and has teeth arranged to engage the teeth of the clutch 53. By this construction when the rod 52 is shifted to the right the gear 45 will be connected to the shaft D. The other shifter 51 constitutes a projectin arm which enga es a clutch 54, keyed on t e left hand end o the shaft D. The clutch-gear 49 is arranged loosel on the shaft D and has teeth to engage t e-clutch 54. By this ar rangement when the rod 52 is shifted to the left the gear 49 will be connected to the shaft D. By this arran ement either of the trains of connecting mec anism at the right or the left oi the key-shaft B can be used to actuate the key-shaft D. Y

A mechanism is provided to shift the rod 52 and is arranged as follows, (see Figs. 9 and 10:) Av key 55, having the Word Subt thereon, projects upthrou h the casing. A similar ke 56, having t e word Addn thereon, a so projects through the casing.Y These keys are connected to a curved indicator 57, on which is laced the words Add or Subt Thls indicator is' arranged to show' through a notch out in the casin so as to indicate which operation the machine is adjusted for. The tworkeys 55 and-56 connect at their ends to a rocking piece 58, arranged on a suitable stud; This rocking piece has a bifurcated'arm 59, which enga Yes a pin'O on the sidng rod 52, so that as eit er key 55 or 56 is o erated the rod will he moved to connect cit er of the-clutches, as hereinhefore described. The rocking piece 58 is provided with a crownkwheei 61, which meshes with an intermediate 62, which latter engages a lsiion 63 on a slahbed setting-shaft 64. e Fig. 8.) The intermediete 62 is arranged on a shaft 65, tted in Hence the movement im arted to" A shaft 66 is also fitted in the the casin ecured to and projecting up from casing.

Ythe shaft 66 are hearing-pieces 67, one beingarranged for each cam on the shaft D. The

vslahbed setting-shaft 64 passes freely through these hearing-pieces 67.

The construction of one of the dials will new he described. Reference should he had to Figs. 7, 8, 16, 17, and 18. Each dial 68 has nine numbers and a zero on its eriphery and a notch 69 cut in its side. A jacent to each dial are arranged cams 70 and 71 and ratchet-wheels 72 and 73. The cams 70 and 71 are arranged at the left of the dial and the ratchet-wheels 72 and 73 at the right. The cams 70 and 71 are notch-cams oppositel arranged, and the ratchets 72 and -73 eac have ten teeth and are arranged oppositel These five parts (shown in 16) are rigid y driven on a shell 74. Driven ti htl inthe shell 74 is one section 75 of a cinto The other section 76 of this clutch tighty iitted on the shaft D. The clutch-section turns loosely on the clutch-section 76.

A sliding clutch 77 is loosely arranged on the shaft D and has fine teeth on its left-'hand face to connect the teeth on the right-hand faces of the clutch-sections 75 and 7 6. When the clutch 77 is disconnected from the ciutehsections 75 and 7 6, as shown in Fig. 17, the dial and its various parts can turn on the c1ntch'-section75;but when the clutch 77 engages ciutches 74 and 75 the parte shov'vn in Fig. 16 mounted on the shell 74, are connected to shaft D. The clutch-sections 75 and 76 are'nrade to turn with some friction on each other, so that there will be no liability for an accidental movement of the dials, or, if deaired, any of the ordinary holding-pawlscan he Vused in connection with t e ratchetwheels 72 and 73.

The hear -pieces 67 are slotted at 670 on slot is the projecting heut en of an arm 7.8, which is mounted on pivot-screw 79, secured ICO Ytlreir front si es, and Workin through each the-pippa bearing-piece 67, said end 780 engaging 1n a eri here] groove 770 in clutch arm 78 at its lower and mem er 77.` ae has a bent portion cngagin one of the cams 26 on shaft C, and a suitab e spring 80 is arran to keep this bent section normally agarnst its' cam. l-Each cam has a spot '81 thereon. Each of these spots shows through hole 82, cut in the casing, as shown in Fig. A2, there being a series of holes 82, one for each cam. The spot is arrangedon each cani, so that when the spot aplears through the hole that particular cam W1 be in operative position.

When any earn is in operative position, the lower projecting end of the arm 7Swill swing into the notch of the cam, and the arm l78- will thereb Ythrow the sliding"V clutchY 77 to the left anY lock the particular dial and the parts shown in Fig. 16 to shaft It is necessary to ut an operative connection between the ials, and this is the purpose of the ratchet-wheels and cams before referred to. Pivoted on a screw 83, secured in each bearing-piece 67, are two ratchet-arms 84 and 85, which are respectively arranged as rights and lefts, as shown in Fig. 8. The ratchet-arm 84, nearest the bearing-piece 67, is arranged to engage the ratchet-wheel 73, and the other ratchet-arm 85 is arranged to engage the ratchet-wheel 72, the arms 84 and 85 projecting oppositely relatively to the screw 83. The ratchet-arm 85 has a depending arm 86, and the ratchet-arm 84 has a similar depending arm 87, bent to come opposite arm 86.

A spring 8S is arranged normally to force the arnis 86 and 87 toward cach other. These arms 86 and 87 engage the slabbed settingshaft 64. This shaft 64 is slabbed, as shown in Fig. 8, so that when it is turned in one position, as for addition, the ratcheting-arms 84 will be operative, but so that when it is turned to the other position the ratchetingarms 85 will be operative.

Projecting toward the left hand in Fig. 1 from the arm 85 is a finger 89, which extends in position to engage the cam 7() of the next dial at the left. A finger 90 projects to the right from the arm 84 to engage the cam 71 of the next dial at the right. The arms 84 and 85 are provided with spring-pressed pawls 91 to operate the ratchet-wheels. With this device when the machine is set for addition the slabbed shaft 64 will be moved to the position shown in Fig. 8, so that only the ratcheting-arms 84 are operative. When any particular dial has moved around through all its numbers to the zero-point, its cam 71, turning therewith, on which the finer 90 presses, will allow the arm 84 to move 1n to turn the ratchet 72 of the dial at the left one notch. This same construction is used between all the dials, so that every time a dial passes the zerooint the dial in advance or at the left in *ig 1 will be moved one notch. If, on the other hand, the

Subtf hand is ressed, the shaft 64 is turned one hundred) and eighty degrees, and the arms 84 are moved outwardly, and the arms 85 are allowed to come into position for o eration. If now one of the dials passes t rough the zero-point, the cam thereof will operate the finger 89, and thereby the cam 85, to move the ratchet-wheel 73 of the dial at the right one notch. Hence in subtracting the dial at the right will be moved one notch or ligure as the dial at the left moves through the zero-point.

To set the dials to normal position, a comb or rubber shaft 92 is mounted in arms 93, pivoted on rod 52 and held normally back out of the way by a spring 94.

Extending between the arms 93 is a piece 95, which has little spring-teeth 96 projecting therefrom to engage notches 97, cut on the side of each dial. These notches are arranged in such position that the teeth will engage the notches when the dial stands at zero. The comb is provided with a knob 98. By moving the comb into engagement with the dials and by then turning the same in bearin engagement with the dials they can a be brought to zero position, as when they reach this position the teeth 96, engaging the notches 97, will prevent further movement of the dials. When the comb is allowed to move back out of the way, the teeth become inoperative.

The operation of this mechanism' is as follows: If it is desired to use the machine for addition, the ,add-key is depressed, bringing the shaft 64 to the position shown in Fig. 8 and bringing the ratchet-arms 84 into operative position. rlhe set or release key is struck to allow the cam-shaft C to take its normal position. Now suppose that the first number we wish to use is 123,456,789. Instead of starting at the left of said column to set said ligure down we start at the right and press the 9 key first,whi`ch by the mechanism before described will set the dial 26 at the right at 9 and will turn the cam-shaft one notch.

In the next operation the lsecond dial will be in operative osition, and as the 8 keyis depressed it will be set to its eighth position and the cam-shaft advanced one notch, so as to bring the third dial into operative relation with the cam-shaft. The succeeding numbers are then struck in the regular order, reading from ri ht to left. By this operation the dials will e set to indicate the figure which it was desired to start with. After this figure is set down the release-key is struck, bringing the 4cam-shaft back to its normal position. The next number is then. set down by the keys in the manner before described, starting with the units, then the tens, hundreds, &c., the rinciple of the machine being to set the ure down readi from the right to the le t. As this secoii gure is set down the same is added to the first figure. By this arra ement addition can be performed up to the imits of the machine, which is determined by the number of dial-wheels, which in the particular machine illustrated is nine.

It will be observed that by reason of the direction of the teeth on the clutch members 53 and 54 the dial-shaft will be operated on the up or return stroke of the rack-bar, so that with each o eration of a key the previously-locked dia will be first unlocked, then the adjacent dial will be locked, and then as the key rises the dial-shaft will be turned a distance corresponding to the digital value of the particular key struck. This arrangement is advantageous in that it enables me to do away with gearing and to emplo a very compact and reliable mechanism an to IIO provide for adapting the machine for subtracting and for multiplying by the addition of but a few simple parts.

If an error is made on any dial, the same can be corrected by turning the cam-shaft manually by means of the hand-wheel C until the spot on the particular eem Wanted appears through the holes in the casing, when y using either the addin or subtracting key the error cen he correcte When the problem is finished, the comb is used to set the dials at zero.

When it is desired to subtract, the number from which the subtractions are to be taken is iirst set down with the addition-key depressed, and the subtract-key is then depressed, bringing into the operation the ratcheting-arms 85. The keys are now opereted as before described, reading each number it is desired to subtract fromV right to left. With each operation the number called will be subtracted from the original number set down. in some cases it is additionally'desired to use the machine for multiplyi l. In

this'case the zero-key is placed at the right of the key No. 1 and the construction used in Figs. 19 to 21 is empioyed. Theend of the shell 10 is formed into a clutch 100. Sliding loosely on the end of the shaftB is a hub 101, which has ciutcht-teeh to engage said clutch 100. This hub-clutch slides inside of a sleeve 102. The sleeve 102 is slotted, and fitted to the slot is a block 103, connected to which is an arm 104, which projects out through the side of the casing and which has an operating-button 105011 its end. In this arrangement the arm 31, which carries the pawl 32 to operate the ratchet-Wheei 30, is made part of the hub 102. By means of the block 103 it will be seen that the zerokey and the sheil can be connected-to turn to ether by pushing in on the button 105.

en the device is to be used for addition or subtraction,'as previously described, the hub-clutch 101 then engages with the clutch 100. The operation is then the same as previousiy described. When the clutch 10i is in engagement with the Jclutch 100 enV the Y end o e shell 10 for either operation of addition or subtraction, it will be noted that the movement of the shell 10 does not move the zero-key, for as the shell 10 is moved it will move the clutch-hub 101 and throu h the block 103 the hub 102, which carries t e arm 31; but this will be a movement of the block 103 away from the key, which will not operate the same, the key-hub being cut away at its bottom, as shown in Fig. 2.1, for this purpose. When the zero-key is struck by itself, the key-hub will push on block 103 and the pawl-erm 31 will operate the ratchet-wheel 30, but the shaft B will not be operated.

When the device is to be used for multilication, the buttn 105 is pulled out, reeasing the hub of the zero-key from the shell 10. When the erts are in this position, if the zero-key is epressed it will bear on the block 103 and will operate the hub 102 to actuate the arm 3l, the clutch 101 being in idle position and not enga ing the shell 10.

hier? suppose it is esired to multiply two numbers to ether-as, for-example, 450 by 123. Starting with the dials in zero positlon and with the cam-shaft C in normal osition, the key No.6 is struck three times. hc zerokey is then struck. Key No. 5 is then struck three times. The zero-key is then struck, and ke No. 4 is then struck three times. Y' This Wi l set 456 down three times, or 1368." The release-key is then operated. The zerokey is then operated so as to start the n ext o eration in tens. Key No. 6 is struck twice, t e zero-key struck, key No. l5 is struck twice, the zero-key struck, and key No. 4 struck twice. This Will add to the previous figure twent times four hundred and iift six; The re ease-key is then struck and t e zero-key is struck twice, so as to start at the hundredths. -Key No. 6 is then struck once, then the zero-key struck. Key No. 5 is then struck once, then the zero-ke struck. Key No. 4 is then struck once. his will addgto the previous obtained product one hundred times four hundred and fifty-six. The resulting product will now be one hundred and 'twenty-three times four 'hundred and tysix, the desired result. if e zero is encountered inthe multiplicand, the same is passed over by simply striking an additional zero at the desired point. If a zerois encountered in the muiti lier, the same is provided-for by simply strilnng anadditional zero when pass-I ixg to the next figure to the left of the multile'. p In these hereinbefore-described operations tov erform the problem of multi ii'cation it Wil be seen that the function of t e zero-key is simply to bring the pro er cam 2G into operetive position, or, in oter words, to conneet the keys to vthe proper dial. As the keys are released from the projecting arm 31 during this operation the successive opera- TIO tion of each key for the purpose of multiplication has no e'ect upon the eem-shaft, and therefore does not disturb the dials. With this attachment and with a little ex erience long and complicateddproblems of mu tipiioa- ISD besides that of a calculating-lnachine-such, for example, as the adding mechanism in a cash-re ister-or other similar device.

The etails of the mechanism have been so fully described that further descri tion of the operation as a whole is not believe necessary. T e number of dials used and the relative arrangement of the parts may be varied by a skilled mechanic without departing from the scope of my invention as expressed in the claims.

Having thus fully described iny invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-4 1. I n a calculating-machine, the combination of a series of numbered keys, a dial-shaft and devices whereby the opi-ration of an)` key will rotate the dial-shaft a distance corresponding to the digital value of the key struck, a series of independent dials normally loosely revoluble on the dial-shaft, and mechanism whereby a dial is first locked to the dial-shaft during a key operation and then turned and the operation of each subsequent key will first release the locked dial and then lock and turn the next adjacent dial, whereby one of the dials will remain locked to the shaft during each operation in addition or subtraction.

2. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a series of numbered keys, a dialshaft and devices whereby the operation of any key will rotate the dial-shaf t a distance corresponding to the digital value of the key struck, a series of independent dials normally looselyT revoluble on the dial-shaft, and mechanism whereby a dial is first locked to the dial-shaft during a key operation and then turned and the operation of each subseiuent key will first release the locked dial an then lock and turn the next adjacent dial, whereby one of the dials will remain locked to the shaft during each operation in addition or subtraction, and means whereby the dial-locking mechanisms may be successively manually operated independently of the key mechanism for the purpose of making corrections.

3. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a series of numbered keys, a dial-shaft and devices whereby the operation of any key will rotate the dial-shaft a distance corresponding to the digital value of the key struck, a series of independent dials normally loosely revoluble on the dial-shaft, and -mechanism whereby a dial is first locked to the dial-shaft during a key operation and then turned and the operation of each subsequent key will first release the locked dial and thon lock and turn the next adjacent dial, whereby one of the dials will remainlocked to the shaft during each o eration in addition or subtraction, means wliereby the dial-locking mechanisms may be successively manually operated independently ofthe key mechanism for the pur ose of making corrections, and means for indlcating which dial is locked.

4. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a series of numbered keys, a dial-shaft and devices whereby the operation of any key will rotate the dial-shaft a distance corresponding to the digital value of the key struck7 a series of independent dials normally loosely revoluble on the dial-shaft, and mechanism whereby a dial is first locked to the dial-shaft during a key operation and then turned and the operation of each subsequent key will first release the locked dial and then lock and turn the next adjacent dial, whereby one of the dials will remain locked to the shaft during each operation in addition or subtraction, and means whereby` the diallocking mechanisms may be successively manually operated independently of the key mechanism for the purpose of making corrections, and restormg means for normally adjusting the dial-locking devices so that all the dials shall stand normally released.

5. Ina calculating-machine, the combination of a series of numbered keys, a dial-shaft and devices whereby the operation of any key will rotate the dial-shaft a distance corresponding to the digital value of the key struck, a series of independent dials normally loosely revoluble on the dial-shaft, and mechanism whereby a dial is first locked to the dial-shaft during a key operation and then turned and the operation of each subsequent key will first release the locked dial and thenA lock and turn the next adjacent dial, whereby one of the dials will remain locked to the shaft during each operation in addition or subtraction, and means whereby the dial-locking mechanisms may be successively manually operated independently of the key mechanism for the purpose of making corrections, restoring means for normally adjusting the dial-locking devices so that all the dials shall stand normally released, and ke -operated means for releasing the restoring d, vices.

6. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a series of numbered keys, a dial-shaft and devices whereb the operation of any key will rotate the ial-shaft a distance corresponding to the digital value of the key struck, a series of independent dials no1- mally loosely revoluble on the dial-shaft, and mechanism whereby a dial is locked to the dial-shaft by an operation of a key and before the shaft is operated and the operation of each subsequent key will release the locked dial and then lock the adjacent dial before it is turned, said mechanism embodying. a clutch for each dial and means for shifting IOO IIO

the clutches into engagement with the dials means whereby each key will impart a meas- 13o scarsoV 'ured movement to the kei-shaft depending upon the number of the ey and whereby each key will impart the same movement to the shell, a series'o dials, connections from said shell to operate the dials in turn, and connections from said key-shaft to impart a measured movement to the particular dial brou ht into o eration. Y

Y 8` gin a mec anism of the class described, the combination of a key-shaft, a sheil arranged thereon, a series of keys mounted on the shell, means whereby said keys are arranged to impart a measured movement to said shaft depending on the number of the key and each ke the same movement to the sheii, a cam-sha t having a series of 'cams arran ed in radial progression thereon, a dialsha t having a series of dials arranged there on, eonnections'from said shell too erste said cam-shaft, connections from sai keyshaft to Voperate, the dial-shaft, and connections from said cams to lock the dials in turn to the dial-sha1 t.

9. in a mechanism of the ciass described, the combination of a key-shaft, a shellaarranged thereon, a series of keys arranged on sai shell, means whereby each of the series of keys wiii im art a measured movement to the keyshaft eter-mined by the nnznber of the key and each key the same movement to the shell a cam-shaft having a series of cams arranged thereon in radial pro ession, adialshaft carrying a series of da s, connections from the cam-shaft to lock the dials in turn to thevdial-shaft, connections from the shell to operate the cam-shaft, and connections from the key-shaft to operate the dial-shaft in either direction, as desired.

10. In a calculating-machine, the combi-n nation of a series of numbered keys, a dialshaft and devices whereb the depression of any key will rotate the dlal-shat a distance Y corresponding to the digital value of the keyf struck, a sones of independent dials loosely evoluble on the dialaft, and mechanism whereby one dial is lockedto the dial-shaft during the operation and the de ressisn of any one ke will release the locke dial after" it is terne a distance corres ndin tothe digital value of the key struc andn ook the next adjacent dial to the diei-:shaft YsaidV mechanism embodying a clutch for each dial, a shaft carrying a cam for each clutch, means whereby each cam operates one of the eiutches and means whereby the cam-shaftl may be operated throu h the medium ofthe keys or independently Vereoi.Y Y

i1. In a calculating-machine the combination of a series of numbered keys, a dialshat and means wher-eb the depression of any key will rotate the 'abshaft a distance corresponding to the di ital vaine of the key struck, said evices embodying reversely-arranged clutches and pinions on the dial-shaft and reversely-arranged raclebars engaging said pnions, substantially as set forth.

12. in a mechanism of the class described,

thereon, a series of keys fitted on the shell, means whereby each key wiii impart a Ineas- 'nred movement to the ken Yshaft, de ending Vupon the number of the ey, and t e same movement to the sheii, a cam-shaft having a series of cams arranged in radial progression, "eonnections from the sheii to operate the camshaft, a dial-shaft, a series of dials arranged thereon, two sets of connections from the key-shaft to operate the dial-shaft, connections from the cam to bring the dials into successive operation, two series of ratcheting mechanisms arranged between the dials, and means whereby the proper rateheting device is brought into operation in connection with the two sets of connections from the keyshaft.

13.y In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a key-shaft, a shcil fitted thereon, a series of keys fitted on the shell, projectionsYV from the shell engaged by the eys at the same point, and connections from the key-shaft engaged by the keys at diie Ynt points determined by the number of the Y e Y Y i s i4. in a mechanism of the class described, the combmation of a key-shaft, a shell mounted thereon having projections, a series ci keysmounted on the shell andoengaging'said projections at the same point, projections extendin from the shaft, and an ad- Y)instable ring carried b each key to engage a projection extending om the shaft and arra ed so that the same can be set so that eac key will impart the proper movement i5. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a key-shaft, an extendin birds-cated key-arm, a iin er-piece tte therein, stops for limiting t e movement of the'nger-piece, and a s ring engaging the iingerapieee to keep the ey in normal posi- "f tion.

16. Ina mechanism of the ciass described, the combination of a key-shaft, a shell tted thereon, a series of keys arranged on the shell and engaging vthe same at the same point, a seriesoffprojections extending from the keg- Vshaft,'means whereby the keys en age' t same in measured ratio, determine by the number of the key and a zero-key tted to and o erating said shell without operating said s aft.

17. in a caiculatin -machine, the combination of a serisenum ered keys, a dial-shaft and means whereby the operation of anykev will rotate said shaft Ya distance correspond ing to the digital value of the keystrucsaid devices embodyin a pair of ini'ons'on the dial-shaft, reverse y-arrange cutches, re-

deterlnined hy its number to said key-shaft.v

theY combination of a key-shaft, a sheil tted IOO IIO

versely-arranged rack-bars engaving said pinions, and means for shifting either clutch out of action, whereby the machine may be adapted for subtracting or for adding as occasion may re( uirc.

18. In a meclhanism of the class described, the combination of a cam-shaft having a series of cams for the purpose stated, a spring for returning the cam-shaft to normal position, a ratchet-wheel for operating the camshaft, an operating-pawl therefor, a holdingdog for holding the ratchet-wheel in set position, a set-key, and connections therefrom to throw said pawl and holding-dog out of engagement with the ratchet-wheel to allow the cam-shaft to return to normal position.

19. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a cam-shaft, having a series of cams for the purpose stated, a ratchetwheel for operating said cam-shaft, a spring for returning the same to normal position, an operating-pawl and a holding-dog for the ratchet-wheel, a disk housed within the ratchet-wheel, a set-key, and connections therefrom to said disk whereby the operatingpawl and holding-dog can be thrown out of engagement with the ratchet-wheel and the cam-shaft allowed to return to normal position.

20. In a mechanism of the. class described, the combination of a dial-shaft, a series of dials loosely arranged thereon, a ratchetwheel and a cam turninr with each dial, a pawl for each ratcliet-wllieel, a .connection therefrom to the cam on the next dial, and means for successively connecting the dials to the dial-shaft. A

21. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a dial-shaft, a series of dials loosely arranged thereon, two ratchet- .wheels and two cams turning with each dial,

a pawl for engaging each ratchet-wheel, a connection from each pawl to the cam on the next dial in advance, a connection Afrom the other pawl to the cam on the dial in the rear, means whereby either set of pawls can be brought into operation, and means for successively connecting the dials to the dialshaft.

22. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a dial-shaft, a series of dials loosely arranged thereon, each dial having two cams and two ratchet-wheels turning therewith, a pawl for each ratchet-wheel, a connection therefrom to the proper cam, two operating means for the dial-shaft, a clutch for bringlng either into operation, and means for operating said clutches and at the same time throwing the proper ratchet mechanism into operation.

23. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a dial-shaft, a series of dials loosely arranged thereon, two sets of ratchet mechanisms for the dials, means for bringing the dials into successive connection with the dial-shaft, two operating means for the dial-shaft, and means for brin 'ng either into operation together with t e proper ratchet mechanisms, said means consisting of two connected keys and connecting to said operating means and to said ratchet mechanisms.

24. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a dial-shaft, a series of dials loosely arranged4 thereon, means for bringing the dials into successive operation with the dial-shaft, two ratchet mechanisms for the dials, two operating means for the dial-shaft, clutches for connecting the same to the dial-shaft, and a mechanism for bringing the same into operation together with the proper ratchet mechanism consistin of two connected keys, connections there Om to control the clutches, and aslotted shaft operated thereby controlling the ratchet mechanisms.

25. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a dial-shaft, a series of dials arranged thereon, two ratchet-wheels and two cams connected to each dial, a pawl engaging each ratchet-Wheel, pivoted arms carrying said pawls, fingers extending from said arms to engage the proper cams, a. spring for pulling said arms toward the ratchetwheels, and a slotted shaft engaging said arms for bringing either of the sets of pawls into operation. v

26. In a mechanism of theclass described, the combination of a cam-shaft, a series of cams arranged thereon in radial progression, a dial-shaft, a series of dialsloosely arra ed thereon, a clutch for connecting each dia to the dial-shaft, and a connection from each cam to each clutch.

27. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a dial-shaft, a series of notched dials arranged thereon, means for bringingthe dials back to normal position consistin of a comb-roller which can 'be brought into engagement with the dials and a iece having teeth engaging the dials to ho d them in normal position.

28. In a mechanism ofthe classdescribed, thecombination of a cam-shaft, a series of cams arranged thereon for the purpose `described,a spot on each cam,and holes through the casing for determining which cam is in operative position.

29. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a ke -shat, a shell fitted thereon, a series of num er-keys, a zero-key, and means whereby said zero-key can be connected or disconnected from said shell.

30. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a ke -shat, a shell fitted thereon a series of number-keys arranged on the shell, a hub, a zero-key tted on said hub, operating connections extending from said IOS IIO

hub and means whereby said hub can be connected or disconnected from the shell.

i. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination'of a key-shaft', a shelirnonnted thereon, a series of number-keys mounted on the shell a hub having operating connections extending therefrom, a zero-key mounted on said hub, a clutch for connecting said hub to said shell, said zero-key being cnt away so that when said clutch is used to connect said hub to said shell an `operation of any of the number-keys will not operate the zero-key.

32. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a shaft carr 'ng a series of dials normally loosely revoluble, a series of keys and means whereby the o eration of a key will first lock a dial to the s aft and then turn that dial through the medium of the shaft a distance corres onding to the digital value of the key struc means whereby the operation of each subse uent key will first release the preceding dia and then lock the adjacent dial before the shaft is turned, and means whercb as each dial passes zero the next adjacent oose dial will be advanced one space before it is locked to the shaft. V

33. In a convertible adding and subtracting machine, a dial-shaft carrying a series of dials loosel mounted on the shaft a series of keys an means whereby the operation of a key will rotate the dial-shaft a distance corresponding with the digital value of the key struck, and means o erated by the operation of a key to lock the st dial at one end of the series before the shaft is turned and the operation of each subsqnent key will release said first dial and lock and turn the next adjacent dial and so on throughout each operation in addition, andreversed duplicate mechanisms whereby the operations in subtraction may be begun at the o posits end of the series of dials, substantie. y as set forth.

34. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a series of numbered springactuated keys, a dial-shaft and a series of dials loosely rotatable thereon, and means whereby the de ression of a key will lock a dial to the sha and its norma return will rotate said dial through the medium of the shaft a distance corresponding with the digital value of the key struck, substantially as set forth.

35. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a dial-shaft and a series of dials loosely rotatable thereon, a tubular su port between each aclacentJ pair of dials, a c ntch member mounted in each of these supports and ada ted to engage and lock an adgacent dial to t e shaft, a series of keys and means connected thereto for actuating the dial-shaft, a clutch-operating lever extending into each of the tubular supports, and means whereby these clutch-operating levers are operated in succession by the depression of the keys7 substantially as set forth.

36. In a calculating-machine, the combination of a dial-shaft ca 'ng a series of loosely-rotatable dials and a oosely-rotatable pinion at each end of the shaft, reversed rack-bars connecting these pinions to the key-operated mechanism, a clutch member at each end of the shaft adapted to lock its adjacent pinion to the shaft, means for simultaneously shifting these clutches when the machine is to be converted from an addingmachine to a subtracting-machine and vice versa, and means whereby the dials are successively looked and unlocked, substantially as set forth.

37. In a calculating-machine the combination of a series of numbered keys, a dialshaft and devices whereby the operation of any key will rotate the dial-shaft a distance corresponding to the di ltal value of the key struck, a series of infelpendent dials normally loosely revoluble on the dial-shaft, and

mechanism whereby a dial is iirst locked to the dial-shaft during a key operation and then turned and the operation of each subsequent key will first release the locked dial and then lock and turn the next adjacent dial, whereby one of the dials will remain locked to the shaft during each operation in addition or subtraction, said mechanism ernbodying a clutch for each dial a shaft carrying a cam vfor each clutch, means whereby each cam operates one of the clutches, and means whereby the cam-shaft may be operated through t 1e medium of the keys.

38. In a calculatin -machine, the combination of a series of cys including a zerokey, a dial-shaft and devices connecting with the keys whereb the o eration of any key Will rotate the dial-sha a distance corresponding to the digital value of the key operated, a series of inde endent dials rotatably mounted on the dial-s aft, mechanism whereby the dials are successively locked and nnlocked by the operation of the keys, whereby one of the dials will always be locked to the shaft during each operation, and means whereby the dial locking and unlocking means may beV disconnected from the nurnber-keys and connected to the zero-key `for converting the machine into a multiplyingmachine.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ARTHUR E. KENYON. Witnesses:

C. H. FALLANsnY, ARTHUR BoUrwELL. 

